1. Isi nkọwa maka usoro nyocha usoro nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nchara
★ GB 50661
★ AWS D1.1
★ Eurocode
Nnwale usoro ịgbado ọkụ (TS EN ISO 15614): Usoro ịgbado ọkụ na nnwale ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ iji chọpụta usoro ịgbado ọkụ.
Nnwale ihe eji agbado ọkụ (EN ISO 15610): Usoro maka ikpebi usoro ịgbado ọkụ site na ịnwale ngwa ịgbado ọkụ.
Ahụmịhe ịgbado ọkụ gara aga (EN SIO 15611): Usoro maka inweta usoro ịgbado ọkụ site na ngosipụta nke ike ịgbado ọkụ gara aga.
TS EN ISO 15612 Usoro ịgbado ọkụ (TS EN ISO 15612): usoro iji nweta usoro ịgbado ọkụ site na iji nkọwapụta usoro ịgbado ọkụ.
Nnwale ịgbado ọkụ tupu mmepụta (EN ISO 15613:) Usoro maka ikpebi usoro ịgbado ọkụ site na nnwale ịgbado ọkụ tupu mmepụta.
TS EN ISO 9018 Nnwale na-emebi emebi nke weld n'ime ihe ọla: Nnwale tensile nke obe na nkwonkwo ụkwụ.
★ JIS JASS6
2. Isi ọdịnaya na njirimara nke usoro nkọwapụta usoro ọ bụla nyocha
2.1 Ọdịnaya na njirimara nke nkọwa nyocha usoro GB50661
(1) Usoro ahụ na-akọwapụta oke ntozu usoro ịgbado ọkụ nke a ga-emerịrị, ma dochie iwu maka ntozu usoro ịgbado ọkụ;
(2) The ịgbado ọkụ usoro ule ibe kwesịrị welded site ọkachamara ịgbado ọkụ pesonel na-ewu enterprise;
(3 A na-ekewa ígwè isi ahụ ụzọ anọ dịka ike larịị;
(4) Ụdị nkwonkwo ihe atụ na nkwadebe nlele ule;
(5) Nwepu site na ntinye nke ntule okwu:
① Ụzọ ịgbado ọkụ na ọnọdụ ịgbado ọkụ na-ahapụ na ntozu
② Nchikota nchara nchara / ihe nchacha
③ Okpomọkụ preheating kacha nta na okpomoku interpass
④ Weld nha
⑤ Welding usoro parameters
⑥ Welding nkwonkwo Ọdịdị
(6) Dị ka ndokwa nke a nkọwapụta, ịgbado ọkụ ibe ibe, ịcha samples, na ule nkeji na asambodo iru eru nke mba oru na àgwà nlekọta ngalaba ga-eduzi ule na ule.
Atụmatụ
(7) A ga-enyocha ntozu usoro ịgbado ọkụ iche iche maka ụzọ ịgbado ọkụ dị iche iche na ọnọdụ ịgbado ọkụ;
(8) A naghị akpọpụta ihe nrịbama ogologo ogologo na ụkpụrụ ule ịgbagọ, na mgbawa na-apụta na nkuku adịghị emeso dị iche iche na ụkpụrụ ntozu;
(9) Ọ dịghị ndokwa maka macroscopic metallographic ule maka butt ule efere.
2.2 Ọdịnaya na njirimara nke nkọwa usoro nyocha ọkọlọtọ EN
(1) Ejighị usoro nkọwapụta ihe eji achịkọta ntọala ntọala (EN 15608), mana ejiri kemịkalụ kemịkalụ, ike na ọnọdụ ọkọnọ chịkọta ya, ka nchara sitere na mba dị iche iche wee tinye nke ọma na otu a na sistemụ. agbasawanye mkpuchi nke otu ihe onwunwe.
(2) Usoro nyocha usoro gụnyere: EN ISO 15614, EN ISO 15610, EN ISO 15611, EN ISO 15612, EN ISO 15613 Ndị ọrụ nwere ike ịhọrọ usoro kwesịrị ekwesị dabere na ọnọdụ nke onwe ha iji mezuo ihe nkọwapụta chọrọ.
(3) Nkọwapụta (EN ISO 15614-1) nke dabara na usoro nyocha usoro ịgbado ọkụ maka ịgbado ọkụ nke ụlọ nchara nwere njirimara ndị a:
① Usoro ntozu na welder iru eru;
② Nyocha na akaebe nke usoro ntozu ule;
③Standard ule osisi
④ Mkpuchi nke ịgbado ọkụ ọnọdụ
⑤ Ihe nyocha usoro: nlele anya, RT ma ọ bụ UT, nyocha nke mgbape elu (PT ma ọ bụ MT), nkwụsịtụ, ịgbagọ, ike ike, mmetụta na macroscopic metallographic test;
⑥ Ihe achọrọ maka ịgbado ule
⑦ Ọnọdụ nlele na ntozu ntozu nke nlele mmetụta
2.3 AWSD1.1 ọkọlọtọ usoro ntule ọdịnaya na njirimara
(1) Mmachibido na ewepu WPS na ntule:
① Usoro ịgbado ọkụ
② Nchikota nchara nchara / igwe
③ Okpomọkụ preheat kacha nta na okpomoku interpass
④ Mmachi nke WPS Variants
⑤ Mmachi nke nkwonkwo nha na ndidi
⑥ Fillet weld
⑦ Ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke weld
(2) Ihe achọrọ maka WPS na ntule:
① General chọrọ
② Pụrụ iche chọrọ
(2) Nkọwapụta ahụ anaghị achọ iru eru maka ndị na-agbado ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ ntozu usoro ịgbado ọkụ;
(3) A na-enye ọkwa metal ntọala dịka nkọwa ASTM, ABS na API si dị;
(4) Usoro ịgbado ọkụ nke enwere ike ịwepụ na ntozu ka akọwapụtara ma mee ndokwa zuru ezu, na ọla ntọala nke usoro ntozu apụrụ iche bụ naanị ndị edepụtara na nkọwapụta;
(5) A ga-enyocha ntozu usoro ịgbado ọkụ iche iche maka ụzọ ịgbado ọkụ dị iche iche.N'ime ha, GMAW na-akọwapụtakwa ụdị nnyefe droplet.O doro anya na GMAW-S nke nnyefe obere oge bụ usoro ịgbado ọkụ nke onwe ya ma chọọ ka enyocha ya iche, nke kwekọrọ na nkọwapụta EN;
(6) A na-akọwakwa ihe mkpuchi nke ọnọdụ ịgbado ọkụ n'ụzọ doro anya na nkọwapụta, nke siri ike karịa nkọwa EN;
(7) Ụdị nkwonkwo ihe atụ na nkwadebe nlele ule;
3. Gịnị bụ akụkụ nke iru eru na ịgbado ọkụ usoro?
Isi nke 4 nke AWSD1.1: 2015 gụnyere usoro ịgbado ọkụ abụọ, usoro "nhapụ" na "iru eru";Isiakwụkwọ a gụnyekwara ntozu dị mkpa achọrọ maka ndị na-agbado ọkụ, ndị na-ahụ maka ịgbado ọkụ na ndị na-agbado ntụpọ.Dị ka AWS D1.1: 2015 Isi nke 3 na "Usoro Nwepu", na njikọ nkwụsị, ọ dịghị mkpa iji nwalee usoro ịgbado ọkụ nke ụfọdụ ọrụ.Otú ọ dị, AWS D1.1: 2015 Nkebi 4.19 na-ekwu na a ga-eji usoro ịgbado ọkụ nwalee ihe ndị dị n'akụkụ a.Nnwale usoro ịgbado ọkụ na-ewe oge yana ọnụ ahịa.Ọ bụrụ na a nwalere nkwonkwo welded nke ọrụ gara aga, mgbe nkwonkwo nkwonkwo yiri nke ahụ pụtara na ọrụ ọhụrụ ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ka a nwaleghachi nkwonkwo ọhụrụ ahụ.N'otu aka ahụ, akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta mgbe ụfọdụ na-akọwapụta na n'amaghị ama na-emejuputa usoro nkwụsị maka ndị na-ahụ maka ịgbado ọkụ nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụ ahịa usoro ịgbado ọkụ n'ozuzu ya.AWS D1.1:2015 Nkeji 4.19 na-ekwu: Ọtụtụ ihe ndekọ edere na-egosi na a na-anabata usoro ịgbado ọkụ nkwonkwo na-erughị eru na-enweghị ntozu ugboro ugboro.Tụkwasị na nke a, a na-anakwere ihe akaebe ederede nke nnwere onwe site na ntozu maka ndị na-agbado ọkụ, ndị na-arụ ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ, na ntụpọ welder na-enweghị ntozu ugboro ugboro, ma ọ bụrụhaala na akọwapụtara ụdị akwụkwọ ederede na AWS D1.1: 2015 Nkebi 4.24.n'ime oge nkwado akọwapụtara
4. Ihe achọrọ nkọwapụta usoro ọ bụla maka ule ntozu usoro
4.1 GB50661 Ihe achọrọ maka ihe nlele nyocha usoro
4.2 Ihe achọrọ nke ụkpụrụ EN maka ihe nyocha ntozu nhazi
4.3 Ọkọlọtọ AWS chọrọ maka ihe nlele nyocha usoro
4.4 Ntụle nkọwa dị iche iche maka ule usoro chọrọ
Nyochaa ntụnyere oru ngo
Bend ule ntụnyere
Ntụnyere mmetụta
4.5 mkpuchi iru eru usoro ịgbado ọkụ
Ọkpụrụkpụ nke mpempe ule tozuru oke maka ntule GB yana oke ọdabara na ọrụ ahụ
(1) N'ihi na ọkpọkọ na mpụta dayameta na-erughị 600mm, na dayameta mkpuchi ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe na-erughị mpụta dayameta nke usoro nwale ọkpọkọ;
Maka ọkpọkọ nwere dayameta mpụta nke ≥600mm, mkpuchi mkpuchi dị ukwuu karịa ma ọ bụ nha 600mm.
(2) The welding usoro iru eru maka butt nkwonkwo efere na ọkpọkọ na elu dayameta nke na-erughị 600mm nwere ike dochie onye ọ bụla ọzọ.
(3) The nwale N'ihi nke kehoraizin ịgbado ọkụ ọnọdụ nwere ike dochie flat ịgbado ọkụ ọnọdụ, ma ọ bụghị Anglịkan (ma e wezụga n'ihi stud ịgbado ọkụ).Vetikal na vetikal ịgbado ọkụ ọnọdụ na
Ọkwa ịgbado ọkụ ndị ọzọ anaghị agbanwe agbanwe.
(4) Otu akụkụ ịgbado ọkụ zuru penetration nkwonkwo na nkwado ndabere na mpaghara efere na-enweghị nkwado ndabere na mpaghara adịghị agbanwe agbanwe;
Na-agbanwe agbanwe;mpe mpe akwa nke ihe dị iche iche anaghị agbanwe agbanwe.
Ntụle ISO EN na-ekpuchi ọkpụrụkpụ ihe atụ tozuru oke na ọkpụrụkpụ injinia ọdabara
Ntụle AWS na-ekpuchi ọkpụrụkpụ ihe atụ tozuru oke yana ọkpụrụkpụ injinia ọdabara
4.6 Mgbanwe na ịgbado ọkụ usoro ntozu parameters na ntụnyere nke re-nyocha chọrọ
5. Oke oge maka ịgbado ọkụ usoro iru eru
Dị ka akwụkwọ ntuziaka dị mkpa maka ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ, mkpa nke nhazi usoro ịgbado ọkụ na-apụta ìhè n'onwe ya.N'agbanyeghị ọrụ ọ bụla na mmejuputa ọkọlọtọ ọ bụla, a ga-edozirịrị iru eru usoro ịgbado ọkụ n'aka onye nwe ya ma ọ bụ onye ọrụ nlekọta maka nyocha na nkwenye tupu mmalite nke ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ.Ebe ọ bụ na nlebanya usoro ịgbado ọkụ na-agụnye ịgbado ọkụ efere ule, n'ihi na n'ibu (kemịkalụ) arụmọrụ ule, akuko mbipute, nlekota oru na ndị ọzọ njikọ, na-eri bụ dịtụ elu.Dị ka ụlọ ọrụ hiwere nke ọma, a ga-enwe nchekwa data nke ntozu usoro ịgbado ọkụ.Tupu mmalite nke ọrụ ọhụrụ, a ga-ahọrọ ntozu usoro kwesịrị ekwesị site na nchekwa data dị ka ọkpụrụkpụ efere nke ọrụ ahụ si dị, metal base, ihe ịgbado ọkụ na ihe ndị ọzọ iji belata ọnụ ahịa ma chekwaa ego.oge.Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị injinia anaghị aṅa ntị na oge nkwado nke usoro nyocha nke usoro, nke na-eme ka nyocha nke e debere ga-agwụ ma na-egbu oge nrubeisi nke ihe.
Akwụkwọ a na-ewebata irè oge nke ịgbado ọkụ usoro ntozu nke dị iche iche ụkpụrụ.
1. American Standard - AWS D 1.1
American Standard kwuru na ụdị ntozu nke usoro a dị na mbụ na enweghị oke oge.
2. European Standard - EN 1090-2
1.1 Oge nkwụsịtụ 1-3 afọ
Akara ule ihe dị elu karịa S355 chọrọ nnwale workpiece kwekọrọ iji nyochaa.Nnwale na nyocha ga-agụnye ọdịdị, redio ma ọ bụ ultrasonic, ihe ndọta ma ọ bụ infiltration, macroscopic metallography na ike.
1.2 Na-adịte aka karịa afọ 3
a) Maka nchara nke S355 na n'okpuru, họrọ metallography macroscopic maka nnwale.
b) Maka ígwè n'elu S355, nyochaa ọzọ.
3. National Standard - GB 50661
Ewezuga nkwonkwo nwere ike ịwepụ na ntule ahụ, oge nkwado bụ afọ 5 maka ọrụ nhazi nchara nke klaasị siri ike ịgbado ọkụ A, B na C. dika oru ngo si di.
Oge nzipu: Jun-06-2022